Linguistic Discovery
Dartmouth College

Volume 5 Issue 1 (2007)        DOI:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.317

Note: Linguistic Discovery uses Unicode characters to represent phonetic symbols. Please see Optimizing Display for requirements to accurately reproduce this page.

To save a copy of this document, use your browser's Save As.... command. Make sure you save the document as HTML Source, then open the file in an editor such as DreamWeaver and delete everything in the HTML source up to and including the <br> tag at the end of the "Cut Here" line.

Return to Revision Details

------------------------- CUT HERE ---------------------------

Ngbugu digital wordlist: Presentation form

Kenneth S. Olson

SIL International and University of North Dakota

Jacques Vermond Mbomate

L’Association Centrafricaine pour la Traduction de la Bible et d’Alphabétisation

This paper presents a 204-item digital wordlist of Ngbugu, an Ubangian language spoken in Central African Republic. The wordlist includes orthographic and broad phonetic transcriptions of the words, French and English glosses, an individual WAV recording of each word, GIF images of the original field transcriptions, and metadata for resource discovery. This presentation form of the wordlist was generated from an archived version (Olson 2006) following the procedure laid out in Simons, Olson and Frank (2007).

1. Introduction

This paper presents a 204-item digital wordlist of core vocabulary in Ngbugu, an Ubangian language spoken in Central African Republic by approximately 95,000 people (ISO 639-3 code: [lnl], Gordon 2005). The materials included in this presentation of the data include the following:

  • Wordlist: this interactive webpage, containing orthographic and broad phonetic transcriptions of each word, as well as French and English glosses.
  • Recordings: WAV digital recordings of each word, accessible by clicking on the orthographic form of each word in the list below. Your web browser will attempt to play the recording with the sound program that is set up as the default WAV player on your system. The recordings were made with a sample rate of 44,100 Hz and a quantization of 16 bits.
  • Field transcriptions: GIF images of the handwritten field transcriptions of the data.
  • Metadata: a resource description of the data. This is useful for resource discovery, for example with the Open Language Archives Community (OLAC) [http://www.language-archives.org]

The original wordlist materials include two items: a two-page paper wordlist form and a 16-minute audio cassette recording. The wordlist form presents the standardized wordlist of 204 items from Moñino (1988). For each item the form provides a prompt in French and a space for the transcription of the elicited form. The form was filled in with handwritten Ngbugu orthographic transcriptions by the second author, a Ngbugu speaker literate in both Ngbugu and French. Some items included a suggested alternative pronunciation in parentheses or an indication of uncertainty concerning the data. The first author verified the list in consultation with the second author, and together they produced a broad phonetic transcription employing the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA 1999).

The first author then created a revised list in Microsoft Word for Windows 2000 that included the French prompt, the orthographic rendering, and the IPA rendering. The accompanying audio cassette contains a recording of the second author repeating this revised list. He produced the French prompt first, then the corresponding Ngbugu form. The recording was made with a Marantz PMD 420 monaural cassette recorder and an Audio-Technica ATM 33a microphone. The recording session took place on March 6, 2004, at the ACATBA center (l’Association Centrafricaine pour la Traduction de la Bible et d’Alphabétisation) in Bangui, Central African Republic.

The process by which this field transcription and audio data were converted into digital forms suitable for long-term archiving is discussed in Simons, Olson, and Frank (2007). That paper also describes how this presentation form was generated from the archival form. The complete archival recording (Olson 2006) can be ordered from:

SIL Language and Culture Archives

7500 W Camp Wisdom Rd

Dallas TX 75236 USA

archive_dallas@sil.org

2. The Wordlist

See complete resource description.

See field transcriptions:

Page 1 (items 1 - 99)

Page 2 (items 100 - 204)

 

French gloss

English gloss

orthographic transcription

phonetic transcription

 

1.

abeille

bee

wräto

[wʁātò]

 

2.

acide (vb)

tart

kpï; kï

[kpī]

(adjective)

3.

aile

wing

mbrö

[mbʁō]

 

4.

aller

go

e

[ʔè]

 

5.

amer (vb)

bitter

chü

[ʃū]

(adjective)

6.

animal

animal

gia

[ɡià]

 

7.

année

year

ngû

[nɡú]

 

8.

appeler

call

e tchô

[ʔè tʃó]

 

9.

arbre

tree

[jō]

 

10.

attacher; lier

attach

i (reu)

[ʔì]

 

11.

blanc

white

grô

[ɡʁó]

(adjective)

12.

boire

drink

ndjo (reu)

[ndʒò]

 

13.

bon

good

tchô

[tʃó]

 
     

tchôtchô

[tʃótʃó]

 

14.

bouche

mouth

ma

[mà]

 

15.

bras/main

arm/hand

könô

[kōnó]

(arm)

     

tchâneû

[tʃánə́]

(hand)

16. 

brouillard

mist; fog

ndrö

[ndʁō]

 

17.

brûler (intr.)

burn (intr.)

ju

[ʒù]

 

18.

brûler (trans.)

burn (tr.)

cho

[ʃò]

 

19.

ceci

this

aneü âteu

[ànə̄ átə̀]

 

20.

celà

that

aneü lâme

[ànə̄ lámè]

 

21.

ce (en question)

this

reu âteu

[ʁə̀ átə̀]

 

22.

cendres

ash

vöreu

[vōʁə̀]

 

23.

champ

garden

keöndeö

[kɨ̄ndɨ̄]

 

24.

charbon

charcoal

mbüreu

[mbūʁə̀]

 

25.

chaud/chauffer

hot/heat

awö

[àwō]

(hot (adj.))

   

 

wo

[wò]

(heat (vb.))

26.

chemin

path

köbo

[kōbò]

 

27.

chèvre

goat

ëbro

[ēbʁò]

 

28.

chien

dog

ëvrô

[ēvʁó]

 

29.

chose

thing

reu

[ʁə̀]

 

30.

cinq

five

mïndûu

[mīndû]

 

31.

Coeur

heart

su

[sù]

 

32.

colline/termitière

hill/termite hill

koto

[kòtò]

(hill)

     

koto asâko

[kòtò àsákò]

(termite hill)

33.

compter

count

deu (reu)

[də̀ ʁə̀]

 

34.

connaître

know

wunseû

[wũ̀sə́]

 

35.

corde

cord

[wú]

 

36.

corne

horn

du

[dù]

 

37.

cou/gorge

neck/throat

geö

[ɡɨ̄]

 

38.

couper (couteau)

cut

wa

[wà]

 

39.

couper (hache)

chop

de

[dè]

 

40.

cracher

spit

kuteû

[kùtə́]

 

41.

creuser

dig

di

[dì]

 

42.

cuire

cook

fa

[fà]

 

43.

cuisse

thigh

[kū]

 

44.

cul; fondement

bottom

kpâ bêche

[kpá béʃè]

 

45.

cultiver

cultivate

djo (keöndeö)

[dʒò kɨ̄ndɨ̄]

 

46.

danser

dance

da ëngbä

[dà ēnɡbā]

 

47.

debout (être)

stand

kro lafô

[kʁò làfó]

 

48.

dent

tooth

[ʒī]

 

49.

deux

two

bïchuû

[bīʃùú]

 

50.

dire

say

to pö

[tò pō]

 

51.

donner

give

za (reu seü)

[zà ʁə̀ sə̄]

 

52.

dormir

sleep

lo (lö)

[lò]

 

53.

droite (à)

right

deu ndôkö

[də̀ ndókō]

 

54.

eau

water

ngû

[nɡú]

 

55.

écorce

bark

kongôâ

[kònɡóá]

 

56.

elephant

elephant

mbala

[mbàlà]

 

57.

enfant

child

bechë

[bèʃē]

 

58.

enfanter

give birth

zeo bechë

[zɨ̀ bèʃē]

 

59.

enfler

swell

mera

[mèʁà]

 
     

suku

[sùkù]

 

60.

entendre

heart

dje (pö)

[dʒè pō]

 

61.

envoyer

send

woan

[woã]

 

62.

épine

thorn

chi

[ʃì]

 

63.

étoile

star

kêkêreû

[kékéʁə́]

 

64.

étranger

stranger

yireu

[jìʁə̀]

 

65.

excréments

excrement

kändjâ

[kāndʒá]

 

66.

façonner (pot)

make (clay pot)

soa

[soà]

 

67.

fagot

firewood

ëwo

[ēwò]

 

68.

faim

hunger

go

[ɡò]

 

69.

farine

flour

zûwü

[zúwū]

(alt: zûü (zúū))

70.

femme

female

ëchë

[ēʃē]

 

71.

fer

iron

kwö

[kwō]

 

72.

feu

fire

wo

[wò]

 

73.

feuille

leaf

kökô

[kōkó]

 

74.

filet

net

gbânda

[ɡbándà]

 

75.

finir

finish

ka (reu)

[kà]

 

76.

fleche

arrow

wûlî

[wúlí]

 

77.

foie

liver

be

[bè]

 

78.

forger

forge

mbo ndawo

[mbò ndàwò]

 

79.

frapper; batter

hit

bhi

[ɓì]

 

80.

froid (être)

cold

zeo

[zɨ̀]

 

81.

fructifier

bear fruit

le

[lè]

 

82.

fumée

smoke

ngôwo

[nɡówò]

 

83.

gauche (à)

left

deu gele

[də̀ ɡèlè]

 

84.

genou

knee

köta

[kōtà]

 

85.

graisse/huile

fat/oil

jôrâ

[ʒóʁá]

(fat)

     

kâdâ

[kádá]

(oil)

86.

grand

big

gbölö

[ɡbōlō]

 

87.

gratter (se)

scrape

ngro teû

[nɡʁò tə́]

 

88.

griller

grill

zo (reu)

[zò ʁə̀]

 

89.

guerre

war

kwö

[kwō]

 

90.

herbe

grass

[bē]

 

91.

homme

male

köchë

[kōʃē]

 

92.

hyène

hyena

gbongô

[ɡbònɡó]

 

93.

il

he/she

tche

[tʃè]

 
     

tchetchë

[tʃètʃē]

 

94.

ils

they

andjê

[àndʒé]

 

95.

intestines

intestines

chêtê

[ʃété]

 

96.

je

I

[mē]

 

97.

jumeaux

twins

amêä

[àméā]

 
     

angbola

[ànɡbòlà]

(for animals)

98.

lancer; jeter

throw

yi reu

[jì ʁə̀]

 

99.

langue (organe)

tongue

tïmï

[tīmī]

 

100.

laver

wash

djutu

[dʒùtù]

 

101.

long

tall

ngbongro

[nɡbònɡʁò]

 

102.

lourd

heavy

keülû

[kə̄lú]

(alt: külû reu (kūlú ʁə̀))

103.

lune

moon

nyîpï

[ɲípī]

 

104.

maison

house

nda

[ndà]

 

105.

manger

eat

zeo reu

[zɨ̀ ʁə̀]

 

106.

marche/marcher

walk

neû

[nə́]

(noun)

     

neu

[nə̀]

(verb)

107.

mauvais (être)

bad

ngbongbo

[nɡbònɡbò]

 

108.

mere

mother

amâ

[àmá]

 
     

anyï

[àɲī]

 

109.

montagne

mountain

aga

[àɡà]

 

110.

mordre

bite

lo

[lò]

 

111.

mortier

mortar

frö

[fʁō]

 

112.

mouche

fly

vömä

[vōmā]

 

113.

mourir

die

tchu

[tʃù]

 

114.

ne...pas

not

âbo

[ábò]

 

115.

neuf; nouveau

new

ngbreôndjï

[nɡbʁɨ́ndʒī]

(alt: ngbrôndjï (nɡbʁóndʒī))

116.

nez

nose

wün

[wũ̄]

 

117.

noir

black

bübü

[būbū]

 

118.

nom

name

reü

[ʁə̄]

 

119.

nombreux (être)

be many

ngbäkotche

[nɡbākòtʃè]

 

120.

nombril

navel

ngawun

[nɡàwũ̀]

 

121.

nous

we

azeû

[àzə́]

 

122.

nuit

night

tchîleû bütchô

[tʃílə́ būtʃó]

 

123.

oeil/visage

eye/face

la

[là]

(eye)

     

tchâtchu

[tʃátʃù]

(face)

124.

oeuf

egg

prö

[pʁō]

 

125.

oiseau

bird

nyïëneü

[ɲīēnə̄]

 

126.

oncle (maternel)

uncle

 

[]

(no form)

127.

ongle/griffe

nail

chïmbï

[ʃīmbī]

 

128.

Oreille

ear

[tū]

 

129.

os

bone

gbäbï

[ɡbābī]

 

130.

panthère

panther

mîreû

[míʁə́]

 
     

mîrâ

[míʁá]

 

131.

peau

skin/fur

kpoto

[kpòtò]

 

132.

père

father

abha

[àɓà]

 
     

bha

[ɓà]

 

133.

personne; gens

person; people

akreu

[àkʁə̀]

(person)

     

azü

[àzū]

(people)

134.

petit

small

kpïëkpïë

[kpīēkpīē]

 

135.

peur

fear

wa

[wà]

 

136.

pied

foot

da

[dà]

 

137.

pierre/caillou

rock

täme

[tāmè]

 

138.

plaie

wound

ku

[kù]

 

139.

planter

plant

lu

[lu]

 
     

chi

[ʃi]

 

140.

plein (être)

be full

äseû

[āsə́]

 
     

bôdê

[bódé]

 

141.

pleurer (pleurs)

cry

keo

[kɨ̀]

(verb; alt (noun): keö (kɨ̄))

142.

pluie

rain

nyïvrö

[ɲīvʁō]

 

143.

poil/plume

hair/feathers

su

[sù]

 

144.

poisson

fish

giangû

[ɡiànɡú]

 

145.

pou

louse

tchô

[tʃó]

 

146.

poule

chicken

anyï ngötö

[àɲī nɡōtō]

(anyï indicates feminine)

     

yû ngötö

[jú nɡōtō]

(yû indicates feminine)

147.

pourri (être)

be rotten

fö (adj.)

[fō]

 

148.

prendre

take

za

[zà]

 

149.

profond (être)

deep

keulî

[kə̀lí]

 

150.

puiser

draw (water)

tu

[tù]

 

151.

quatre

four

voaneü

[voànə̄]

 

152.

queue

tail

dambâ

[dàmbá]

 

153.

qui?

who?

tchabô

[tʃàbó]

 

154.

quoi?

what?

giamâ

[ɡiàmá]

 
     

giamâkä

[ɡiàmákā]

 

155.

racine

root

chö

[ʃō]

 
     

chë

[ʃē]

 

156.

respirer

breathe

wu

[wù]

 

157.

rester; être assis

sit down

seu bêche

[sə̀ béʃè]

 

158.

rire

laugh

mo teû

[mò tə́]

(verb; alt (noun): mômô (mómó))

159.

rosée

Dew

ngômëä

[nɡómēā]

 
     

ngômë

[nɡómē]

 

160.

rouge

red

ngbê

[nɡbé]

 

161.

sable

sand

woye

[wòjè]

 

162.

sagaie

spear

deö

[dɨ̄]

 

163.

saison des pluies

rainy season

zöngö

[zōnɡō]

 

164.

saison seche

dry season

ngbeôgeô

[nɡbɨ́ɡɨ́]

 

165.

salive

saliva

ngrôsö

[nɡʁósō]

 

166.

sang

blood

[ʒī]

 

167.

sec (être)

dry

gbâkü (adj.)

[ɡbákū]

(also used for a sterile woman)

168.

sein

breast

ngo

[nɡò]

 

169.

sel

salt

ngbreo

[nɡbʁɨ̀]

 
     

ngbro

[nɡbʁò]

 

170.

semence/grain

seed/grain

ngoa

[nɡoà]

(seed)

     

ndjî

[ndʒí]

(grain)

171.

sentir (intr.)

smell

tchâfo

[tʃáfò]

 

172.

serpent

snake

ëkrô

[ēkʁó]

 

173.

soleil

sun

lo

[lò]

 

174.

souffler

blow

hro

[ʔʁò]

 

175.

sucer

suck

a

[ʔà]

 

176.

sucré (être)

be sweet

ä tchö

[ā tʃō]

 

177.

termite

termite

bo

[bò]

 

178.

terre; sol

earth; soil

cho

[ʃò]

 

179.

tête

head

küma

[kūmà]

 

180.

téter

nurse

a ngo

[ʔà nɡò]

 

181.

tomber

fall

te

[tè]

 

182.

tortue

turtle

külû

[kūlú]

 
     

külâ

[kūlá]

 

183.

tous; tout

all

gbê

[ɡbé]

 

184.

tousser

cough

teko

[tèkò]

 

185.

tranchant (être)

be sharp

ki

[kì]

 

186.

transpercer

pierce; stab

su

[sù]

 
     

kro

[kʁò]

 

187.

travail

work

kua

[kuà]

 

188.

trios

three

vötaâ

[vōtàá]

 

189.

trou

hole

kudû

[kùdú]

 

190.

tu

you (2sg)

momö

[mòmō]

 

191.

tuer

kill

won

[wõ̀]

 

192.

un

one

balë

[bàlē]

 

193.

urine

urine

ngândï

[nɡándī]

 

194.

venir

come

neu atâ

[nə̀ àtá]

(alt: neu atêteu (nə̀ àtétə̀))

195.

vent

wind

yi

[jì]

 

196.

ventre

abdomen

[vū]

 

197.

viande/chair

meat/flesh

gûsû

[ɡúsú]

(meat)

     

mbë

[mbē]

(flesh)

198.

village

village

[ɡō]

 

199.

voir

see

wun

[wũ̀]

 

200.

voler (oiseau)

fly

wro

[wʁò]

 

201.

voler; dérober

steal

zeo ngbä

[zɨ̀ nɡbā]

 

202.

vomir

vomit

ndjrateû

[ndʒʁà tə́]

 

203.

vouloir

want

nyindeû

[kə́ ɲìndə́]

 

204.

vous

you (2pl)

nyë

[ɲē]

 

References

Gordon, Raymond G. (ed.) 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the world. 15th edition. Dallas: SIL. [http://www.ethnologue.com].

International Phonetic Association. 1999. Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Moñino, Yves (ed.) 1988. Lexique comparative des langues oubanguiennes. Paris: Geuthner.

Olson, Kenneth S. 2006. Ngbugu digital wordlist: Archival form. SIL-LCA-47050. SIL Language and Culture Archives, Dallas, Texas.

Simons, Gary F.; Kenneth S. Olson; and Paul Frank. 2007. Ngbugu digital wordlist: A test case for best practices in archiving and presenting language documentation. Linguistic Discovery 5.1:28-39. Online. URL: [http://journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/2/xmlpage/1/article/314].

Authors’ contact information:

Kenneth S. Olson

SIL

7500 W Camp Wisdom Rd

Dallas, TX 75236

http://www.sil.org/~olsonk

Jacques Vermond Mbomate

L’Association Centrafricaine pour la Traduction de la Bible et d’Alphabétisation

B.P. 1990

Bangui

Central African Republic

Jacques_Mbomate@wycliffe.net

 

 

 

 


Appendix


Ngbugu digital wordlist: Archival form


 Title Ngbugu digital wordlist: Archival form
 Creator Olson, Kenneth S.
 Created 2004-03-06
 Issued 2006
 Contributor Mbomate, Jacques Vermond [speaker]
  Simons, Gary F. [developer]
 Description A recording of a 204-item wordlist of Ngbugu elicited in French. The original recording was on analogue cassette tape. The responses are transcribed in IPA (converted from the original Ngbugu orthographic transcription) and aligned to the recording. The wordlist instrument is based on Moñino's list (Moñino, Yves. 1988. Lexique comparatif des langues oubanguiennes. Paris: Geuthner). Ngbugu is an Ubangian language spoken by some 95,000 people in Central African Republic.
 Type Text
 Format MIME type: text/xml
 Type Sound
 Format MIME type: audio/wav
  The WAV files are monophonic, sampled at 16 bits and 44.1 kHz. Total extent is 82MB (16 minutes).
 Type Image
 Format MIME type: image/tiff
  There is a TIFF image of each 8.5" x 11" page of the wordlist form containing the original field transcriptions. They are scanned at 300 dpi and 8-bit grayscale. There are two pages and each image is approximately 8MB in size.
 Language French [fra]
  English [eng]
  Banda, South Central / Ngbugu dialect [lnl]
 Coverage Central African Republic
 Identifier SIL-LCA-47050
 Publisher SIL International, Language and Culture Archives, Dallas, TX
 Rights © 2006 SIL International
  These materials are copyrighted and may be used under the standard terms of Fair Use.

This resource description follows the metadata standard of the Open Language Archives Community.

[ Home | Current Issue | Browse the Archive | Search the Site | Submission Information | Register for Updates | About | Editorial Board | Site Map | Help ]

Published by the Dartmouth College Library.
Copyright © 2002 Trustees of Dartmouth College.
For comments or feedback E-mail the site editor.
ISSN 1537-0852

Linguistic Discovery HomeDartmouth College Home